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| Transmissive LCDs always require a backlight and provide the highest brightness display. They are best suited for applications where direct sunlight viewing is not involved. | Reflective polarizers are used in high ambient light environments or whenever sufficient power is not available to drive the backlight. |
Transflective polarizers have both reflecting and transmitting properties and offer the most versatile viewing characteristics. They can be viewed in direct sunlight and when combined with a backlight in low light conditions. |
Twisted Nematic (TN)
This technology consists of nematic liquid crystal sandwiched between two plates of glass. When power is applied to the electrodes, the liquid crystals twist 90°.
Super Twisted Nematic (STN)
This technology has rapidly become a standard for most monochrome passive-matrix LCDs. It uses the same principle as TN displays but uses less power and is typically less expensive. The liquid crystals in STN technology have a 210° - 270° twist which allows for a broader transition region for gray scaling. STN displays can also be made purely reflective for viewing under direct sunlight.
Film Compensated Super Twisted Nematic (FSTN)
This technology uses a film compensating layer between the STN display and rear polarizer. This additional film increases the overall sharpness and contrast of the display.
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Positive Display TypePositive displays provide an image with dark pixels on a light background. Ambient light or a backlight can be used for this type of display and is capable of multiple background colors. |
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Negative Display TypeNegative displays provide an image with light pixels on a dark background. The backlight must be used for this type of display and is capable of multiple pixel colors. |